One-Man Manual CPR Operation Guide
When encountering an emergency, such as cardiac arrest, timely cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can significantly improve the patient’s survival rate. This article will introduce you to the operation process of single-person manual cardiopulmonary resuscitation in detail and help you master this key first aid skill.
1. Initial Assessment and Preparation
1. Environmental safety assessment : Before performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation, first ensure the safety of the surrounding environment to avoid secondary harm to the rescuer and patient.
2. Determine the patient’s consciousness : tap the patient’s shoulder gently and ask loudly: “Are you okay?” Observe whether the patient responds.
3. Judgment of breathing and heartbeat : judge whether the patient is still breathing spontaneously by observing the rise and fall of the patient’s chest, listening to the breathing sound, and feeling the airflow exhaled from the patient’s mouth and nose. At the same time, touch the patient’s carotid artery to determine whether there is a heartbeat.
4. Call for help : After determining that the patient needs cardiopulmonary resuscitation, immediately call 120 or notify other people nearby to ask for help.
2. Steps of manual cardiopulmonary resuscitation
1. Chest compression :
* Positioning: Place the heel of your palm on the lower half of the patient’s sternum, that is, the midpoint of the line connecting the two nipples.
* Posture: Keep your arms straight, use your body weight to press down vertically, and ensure that the chest fully rebounds after each compression.
* Frequency and depth: Compress at a frequency of 100-120 times per minute, with a depth of 5-6 cm.
2. Open the airway :
* Head-up and chin-lifting method: place one hand on the patient’s forehead, press back hard, and lift the patient’s chin with the index and middle fingers of the other hand.
* Clear the respiratory tract: If there is any foreign body or vomitus, use your fingers to remove it.
3. Artificial respiration :
* Mouth-to-mouth respiration: Pinch the patient’s nose, take a deep breath yourself, and then blow the air into the patient’s mouth mouth-to-mouth. It is effective when you see the patient’s chest lifted.
* Respiratory rate: After every 30 chest compressions, perform 2 artificial respirations.
3. Resuscitation effect assessment and follow-up treatment
1. Resuscitation effect evaluation :
* Recovery of spontaneous breathing: Observe whether the patient’s chest rises and falls spontaneously.
* Heartbeat recovery: Touch the patient’s carotid artery to feel whether there is a regular heartbeat.
* Recovery of consciousness: Ask the patient questions and observe if there is a response.
2. Continuous cardiopulmonary resuscitation : If the patient has not recovered spontaneous breathing and heartbeat, continue to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation according to the above steps until professional rescuers arrive.
3. Follow-up treatment : After professional rescuers arrive, inform them in detail of the patient’s condition and the first aid measures that have been taken, and assist them in further treatment.
Mastering hands-on CPR skills is vital for everyone. In an emergency, proper first aid may save a person’s life. Therefore, we recommend that you not only learn the CPR procedures described in this article, but also attend regular first aid training to ensure that your skills are always at their best. In the meantime, please spread this knowledge to your family and friends so that more people can master this life-saving skill.
